The new White Paper, the first in four years, tried to sidestep a political minefield by avoiding naming the enemy US forces might have to fight against.

North Korea is no longer South Korea's "main enemy," a phrase that angered the Stalinist state when it was included in the last White Paper in 2000 and has been left out of this one.

Now, North Korea is simply referred to as a "military threat," in the new policy document that reflects the South Korean goverment's goal of reconciliation with Pyongyang.

The 2004 Defence White Paper said more than 690,000 servicemen in augmentation forces would be brought in to the Korean peninsula in case of an all-out war, including the army, navy, air force, and marine corps units.

The augmentation forces would be dispatched to join more than 30,000 US troops already based here and some 650,000 South Korea forces.

North Korea army was 1.17 million strong in 2004, the world's fifth largest and the same as four years earlier, but the communist country has added artillery guns and multiple rocket launchers totaling 1,000 pieces since then, the White Paper said.

US forces deployed to the Korean peninsula would be made up of army divisions, carrier battle groups with advanced fighter planes, tactical fighter wings, and marine expeditionary forces based on the Japanese island of Okinawa and on the US mainland, the policy document said.

"The United States has a plan to send more than 40 percent of its entire navy, more than half of its airforce and more than 70 percent of its marine corps to defend South Korea," it said.

"This shows the United States is firmly determined in its will to help defend the Korean Korean peninsula," the White Paper said.

The augmentation forces of more than 690,000 US military personnel would be backed by 160 vessels and 1,600 aircraft, according to the White Paper.

It also said North Korea had set up a missile bureau under the command of the Ministry of Korean People's Army.

Since the early 1980s, North Korea has been developing ballistic missiles. It has already produced and deployed 500-kilometer-range (312-mile) Scud-Cs by upgrading the old Soviet-made Scud-Bs.

It also deployed 1,300-kilometer Rodong-1 missiles.

Since the late 1990s, North Korea has been feverishly developing Daepodong-1 with a range of up to 2,500 kilometers and Daepodong-2 with a range of up to 6,700 kilometers.

There is no firm evidence that North Korea possesses nuclear weapons, the White Paper said.

However, there is a possibility that the North might have extracted 10-14 kilogrammes (22-31 pounds) of weapons-degree plutonium it had obtained from spent fuel before the 1992 inspection of its nuclear facilities by the UN nuclear watchdog, it said.

North Korea has been in a stand-off with the United States and US allies over its nuclear weapons programme.

The row erupted in October, 2002 after US officials accused Pyongyang of operating a secret uranium-enriching programme to produce weapons in breach of a 1994 agreement, a charge North Korea denies.

The 2004 White Paper was the first since the ministry suspended publication of the periodical following the dispute over the paper's reference to North Korea as its "main enemy."

Citing the continuing use of the "main enemy" label Pyongyang accused Seoul of a breach of an inter-Korean declaration for peace and reconciliation signed at a historic 2000 summit meeting.

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