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CYBER WARS
Huawei charm offensive runs into buzzsaw of US charges
By Dan Martin
Shanghai (AFP) Jan 30, 2019

FBI has dozens of probes into Chinese economic spying
Washington (AFP) Jan 29, 2019 - The FBI is investigating Chinese economic espionage in nearly all of its 56 field offices around the country, underscoring the depth of the threat to US business, Director Christopher Wray told Congress Tuesday.

"China writ large is the most significant counterintelligence threat we face," Wray told the Senate Intelligence Committee in a hearing on foreign threats.

"We have economic espionage investigations, for example -- that's just one piece of it -- in virtually every one of our 56 field offices," he said.

"The number of those has probably doubled over the last three or four years, and not all of them, but almost all of them lead back to China."

Wray spoke one day after the Justice Department indicted Chinese telecommunications giant Huawei for a "company-wide effort" to steal trade secrets from T-Mobile USA.

The indictment said Huawei offered employees bonuses "based on the value of information they stole from other companies around the world," which they were to send to Huawei via an encrypted email address.

US intelligence chiefs in the hearing said China was the most potent threat politically, militarily and economically to the United States, and that the threat was growing.

The intelligence community's annual Worldwide Threat Assessment report released Tuesday alleges that Beijing will target important US technology sectors for espionage and theft whenever it cannot easily develop an important technology itself.

"We are also concerned about the potential for Chinese intelligence and security services to use Chinese information technology firms as routine and systemic espionage platforms against the United States and allies," it said.

Defense Intelligence Agency Director Lieutenant General Robert Ashley said at the hearing that the Beijing leadership and Chinese Communist party have made it hard for Chinese businessmen to be pure businessmen and avoid suspicion.

"Huawei need to make a decision about the direction that they want to take with regards to how they support the Chinese government or as an independent business," he said.

"The challenge... is that decision does not lie with Huawei. It lies with the CCP, it lies with Xi Jinping."

Fraud, obstruction of justice and cloak-and-dagger trade theft -- a US rap sheet alleging systematic skullduggery by Chinese telecom giant Huawei has deepened the company's problems just as it sought to win back global trust.

The US Justice Department this week unveiled a raft of charges against Huawei which could see its Chief Financial Officer Meng Wanzhou extradited to the United States and threaten its business worldwide.

Meng's father -- 74-year-old Huawei founder Ren Zhengfei -- had spearheaded a rare recent charm offensive by the famously secretive company to salvage its reputation amid mounting espionage concerns.

But that may be an uphill climb following the US allegations of brazen criminality at Huawei's highest levels.

In a case centring on Meng, Huawei is charged with violating US and UN prohibitions on trading with Iran.

A separate case details a sustained effort to steal technology from US telecom operator T-Mobile, plus the damaging allegation that Huawei rewarded staff for stealing competitors' technology secrets.

None of the charges deal with deeper US concerns that Huawei's cheap equipment -- used in telecommunications infrastructure across the globe -- is a Trojan horse for potential Chinese state spying and sabotage.

- Gathering clouds -

But the Justice Department's move strengthens Washington's leverage in isolating the company, said Paul Triolo, a global tech-policy expert with Eurasia Group.

"The effort seems designed to make the case to allies... that while there is no smoking gun on cybersecurity, there are a host of other business practice, cultural, and legal issues clouding the company's future," he said.

The main case levels 13 charges against Huawei Technologies, Meng -- who faces an extradition hearing in Canada on March 6 -- and two affiliates over Iran sanctions violations.

The broader allegations in the case, filed in federal court in New York, were already known.

But the charges detail efforts by Huawei and its subsidiaries to trick financial institutions into sanctions-busting activity.

They say Meng "repeatedly lied" to bankers and that Huawei obstructed justice by destroying evidence and putting witnesses beyond the reach of US law enforcement.

Huawei strenuously denies wrongdoing and Beijing has said the allegations are politically motivated.

The charges stand in stark contrast to a narrative pushed by Huawei in recent weeks -- perhaps in anticipation of the US revelations.

Speaking to foreign reporters, the normally reclusive Ren portrayed Huawei as an unselfish global force for good in comments larded with flattery for President Donald Trump and US tech leaders like Apple.

"We stand strongly against any behaviour that violates laws and regulations," Ren said on January 16, touting a "very sound" compliance system and tough discipline for violators.

But the New York charges reveal that Ren, whose background as a former Chinese army engineer has long raised red flags in Washington, was questioned by the FBI years ago, during which he repeatedly lied to US investigators about the nature of the Iran business.

- Trade secrets -

A separate case in Washington state cites internal emails and other evidence detailing a 2012-13 effort to steal the technology specs of a phone-testing device developed by T-Mobile, then a partner in Huawei's ultimately failed push to enter the US market.

Huawei staff repeatedly and surreptitiously took photos inside a T-Mobile facility and one staffer even stole a key part for the device, the charge sheet says.

The company later concocted an "internal report" designed to cover up the theft and blame rogue staff.

Perhaps the most damning allegation is that Huawei set up a system of bonuses for technology stolen from rivals.

"You are being encouraged and could possibly earn a monetary award for collecting confidential information regarding our competitors and sending it back to (Huawei China)," an internal staff email is quoted saying.

Triolo said there is a "clear threat now hanging over the company", possibly including fines, executive travel bans, and being officially branded a threat to US national security -- which could have devastating worldwide repercussions on its business.

"Carriers around the world will need to at least consider how to protect their investments and supply chains. This is the nub of the issue," said Triolo.


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CYBER WARS
Huawei ban blamed as new Australian mobile network axed
Sydney (AFP) Jan 29, 2019
An Australian telecommunications company on Tuesday cancelled plans to create the country's fourth mobile phone network, blaming a recent security-driven ban on China's Huawei. TPG claimed having its "principal equipment vendor" barred from 5G networks meant the project was no longer viable. The company said had already spent Aus$100 million (US$71 million) on building a new network, a potential boon for consumers. But the decision could smooth the way for government approval of a merger bet ... read more

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