Iran said that Israel and an exiled opposition group used new and "complex" methods to assassinate its leading nuclear scientist, as it buried him Monday in a funeral befitting a top "martyr".

As it laid Mohsen Fakhrizadeh -- seen by Israel as the "father" of Iran's nuclear weapons programme -- to rest, the Islamic republic also vowed to redouble his work.

Fakhrizadeh died Friday after his car and bodyguards were targeted in a bomb and gun attack on a major road outside the capital, heightening tensions once more between Tehran and its foes.

Iran's top security official, Rear-Admiral Ali Shamkhani of the Supreme National Security Council, said the "operation was very complex, using electronic equipment and no one was present at the scene".

The People's Mujahedeen of Iran (MEK) were "certainly" involved, along with "the Zionist regime and the Mossad", he said in video interviews, referring to the Israeli government and its spy agency.

With few details emerging of the attack itself, the scientist's son said his mother was also in the targeted car but survived the attack.

Without citing sources, Fars news agency said the attack had been carried out with the help of "a remote-controlled automatic machinegun" mounted on a pickup truck.

State-run Press TV said "made in Israel" weapons were found at the scene.

Iran's President Hassan Rouhani had on Saturday accused Israel of acting as a "mercenary" for the United States by carrying out the assassination.

- 'Martyr' -

Fakhrizadeh's funeral was attended by several high-ranking officials, including Defence Minister Amir Hatami and Revolutionary Guards commander Hossein Salami.

As the funeral got underway, a religious singer praised Fakhrizadeh and alluded to the martyrdom of Imam Hossein, the revered 7th century holy figure from whom Shiite Muslims draw inspiration.

"If our enemies had not committed this heinous crime and spilled our dear martyr's blood, he might have remained unknown," Hatami said in a speech.

"But today, he who was only an idol for... his students and colleagues, is introduced to the whole world," he added.

Hatami had said after the scientist's death that Fakhrizadeh was one of his deputies and headed the ministry's Defence Research and Innovation Organization, focusing on the field of "nuclear defence".

In his speech, he said the government had decided to double the organisation's budget to continue Fakhrizadeh's path "vigorously".

A large display showed a picture of Fakhrizadeh next to Iran's supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, as well as former top general Qasem Soleimani, who was killed in a January drone strike by the US in Baghdad.

- Iran weighs retaliation -

The assassination has led to demands for a strong response from Iran's leadership, even as the hawkish presidency of Donald Trump draws to a close.

Iran's President Rouhani has accused Israel of acting as a US "mercenary", blaming it for the killing of Fakhrizadeh, and supreme leader Khamenei has called for the perpetrators to be punished.

Parliament on Sunday demanded a halt to international inspections of nuclear sites in the country, a step that could prove a fatal blow to the nuclear deal the Islamic republic agreed with world powers in 2015.

The UN nuclear agency's chief on Monday warned against any such move.

It remains "essential to give the world the necessary and credible assurances that there is no deviation from the nuclear program to military uses," International Atomic Energy Agency head Rafael Grossi told AFP.

"We understand the distress but at the same time it is clear that no-one, starting with Iran, would have anything to win from a decrease, limitation or interruption of the work we do together with them," he said.

Trump withdrew from the Iran nuclear deal in 2018 and began reimposing crippling sanctions, but US President-elect Joe Biden has promised a return to diplomacy.

Rouhani has emphasised Iran will seek its revenge for the assassination in "due time" and not be rushed into a "trap".

The US slapped sanctions on Fakhrizadeh in 2008 for "activities and transactions that contributed to the development of Iran's nuclear programme".

Around a year after the US withdrew from the nuclear deal, Iran began gradually abandoning most of its key commitments under the agreement.

- Enmity will 'never cease' -

Monday's funeral was not open to the public in order to maintain health protocols over the novel coronavirus pandemic, the defence ministry said.

Some "say we can make the enemy not have enmity (towards us) through talking. That is not possible," said the supreme leader's representative at the defence ministry, Ziaodin Aghajanpour, standing next to Fakhrizadeh's coffin.

"Why? Because the enemies are against the basis of the Islamic republic system," he added.

As part of the procession before the funeral, Fakhrizadeh's remains were taken on Saturday and Sunday to Shiite shrines in the northeastern city of Mashhad and Qom in central Iran, as well as the shrine of the founder of the Islamic republic, Ruhollah Khomeini in Tehran.

The scientist's coffin was buried at Imamzadeh Saleh, an important Shiite shrine in northern Tehran where two other slain nuclear scientists were buried in 2010 and 2011.

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Iran lays to rest nuclear scientist as it mulls response
Tehran (AFP) Nov 30, 2020
Iran was on Monday laying to rest one of its top nuclear scientists, as the Islamic republic weighed how and when to retaliate for an assassination pinned on arch-foe Israel. The killing of Mohsen Fakhrizadeh - whom Israel has dubbed the "father" of Iran's nuclear weapons programme - has once more heightened tensions between Tehran and its foes, with President Hassan Rouhani accusing the Jewish state of acting as Washington's "mercenary". Fakhrizadeh died on Friday after being seriously wounde ... read more