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Iraq rivals 'agree to share power' eight months after poll

Iraq's tough-talking Maliki looks to second term as premier
Baghdad (AFP) Nov 7, 2010 - Nuri al-Maliki, Iraq's uncharismatic but tough-talking prime minister and former rebel, has won a second chance at the premiership eight months after inconclusive elections. After a protracted political standoff that kept the country without a government following the March 7 elections, rival parties reached a power-sharing agreement with Maliki to stay in the top job. Sentenced to death by Saddam Hussein, former guerrilla Maliki, who spent decades in exile, emerged from the shadows in 2006 to take the reins of Iraq's first permanent post-Saddam government. In October, Iraq's main Shiite parliamentary bloc, the National Alliance, chose Maliki as its candidate for the premiership in a move aimed at breaking the deadlock over forming a government that followed the March polls. Maliki's State of Law Alliance came second in the election, two seats behind the Iraqiya bloc of fellow Shiite and former premier Iyad Allawi, but neither had the 163 seats needed for a majority to form a government on its own.

After the election, Maliki joined forces with the Iraqi National Alliance, a coalition of Shiite religious groups, to form the National Alliance (NA). A dour-looking politician who is rarely seen smiling in public, Maliki has forged a reputation as a strong leader who can impose stability on war-ravaged Iraq. Sectarian violence has been the toughest and most brutal challenge to Maliki's grip on power since he took over the helm of Iraq's first permanent post-invasion government in May 2006. Blunt and uncharismatic, he faced down accusations of sectarianism for not tackling Shiite militias in 2007 in defiance of crumbling support at home and abroad. Former US president George W. Bush has described Maliki as "a good guy, a good man with a difficult job." Maliki was born in 1950 in the predominantly Shiite central province of Babil. He joined the Shiite Islamic Dawa Party -- the oldest Iraqi movement opposed to Saddam -- while at university where he gained an MA in Arabic literature.

Maliki fled Iraq in 1979 after Saddam banned the party, and Dawa says that he was later sentenced to death in absentia. From 1980 onwards, he lived in Iran and then Syria where he edited Dawa's newspaper. Around that time he also assumed the nom-de-guerre Jawad and began coordinating cross-border raids from Iran into Iraq. Maliki returned to Iraq after the US-led invasion of 2003 and became a member of the de-Baathification commission that removed Saddam supporters from public office. In 2006, the owlish, suit-wearing and bespectacled Maliki was named premier after his predecessor Ibrahim al-Jaafari met stiff opposition from Sunnis and Kurds who regarded him as being too sectarian. At the time, violence was raging throughout Iraq, with thousands of people killed in intercommunal bloodshed. In 2008, Maliki pursued an offensive against the Mahdi Army militia of radical Shiite cleric Moqtada al-Sadr, winning plaudits for his apparent willingness to set aside communal interests for a nationalist agenda. While violence has dropped dramatically since its peak in 2006 and 2007, something Maliki has been quick to take credit for, analysts note that much of the decline had to do with a strengthened US troop presence and the co-opting of Sunni tribal groups to fight Al-Qaeda.
by Staff Writers
Baghdad (AFP) Nov 7, 2010
Iraq's political rivals reached a breakthrough power-sharing deal in which Nuri al-Maliki, a Shiite, retains the premiership, a spokesman said on Sunday, exactly eight months after inconclusive elections.

"An agreement was reached yesterday among the political parties in which Jalal Talabani will continue as head of state, Nuri al-Maliki will stay on as prime minister and Iraqiya will choose its candidate for parliament speaker," government spokesman Ali al-Dabbagh told AFP.

He said the deal was between the National Alliance, which represents the main Shiite parties, and the Kurdish coalition, while Iraqiya's support hinged on its agreement over the posts of speaker and president.

"Iraqiya has not agreed for the moment over which side will have the parliament speaker's position and which side will have the presidency," Dabbagh added.

Former premier Iyad Allawi's Sunni-backed Iraqiya bloc, which won the most seats in the March 7 election but fell short of a parliamentary majority, confirmed the deal and said discussions were continuing over those key posts.

"There is a draft agreement with the Iraqiya party, but there are still some problems to resolve," Dabbagh said, adding that parliament would meet on Thursday to choose a speaker, the first step towards forming a new government.

The spokesman added that both Maliki and Allawi would on Monday attend a ceremony in Arbil, capital of the autonomous Iraqi region of Kurdistan, to announce the agreement formally.

Dabbagh said the meeting would convene at 11:00 am (0800 GMT).

Iraqiya MP Jamal al-Butikh said earlier his bloc had agreed to the power-sharing deal after it was assured that "no political decision would be made without its agreement."

"Iraqiya will go to Arbil under Allawi's leadership and because the party has been given reassurance in real power-sharing," he told AFP.

Butikh said it was unclear if the bloc would be offered the speaker's position or the presidency, although some Iraqiya members declared a preference for the latter now held by Talabani, leader of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK).

Iraqiya MP Alia Nusayef said Moqtada al-Sadr, a radical Shiite leader who has 40 seats in parliament, had also been invited to the Arbil meeting "because he brings equilibrium."

Sadr had first held discussions with Allawi, but then went into a Shiite alliance with Maliki.

Sunday's announcement came after Iraqi Kurdistan's regional president, Massud Barzani, said he had invited all political groups to meet on Monday in the Kurdish capital to resolve the crisis.

Earlier on Sunday in Arbil, Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu called for a meeting of Iraqi parties on forming a government.

"I'm in Arbil to discuss and possibly give advice to Baghdad and Arbil on the issue of forming a government, which we hope will happen soon," he said.

Iraq's second general election since the 2003 US-led invasion ended in deadlock after none of the main parties won enough of the 325 seats in parliament to form a majority government.

Parliament has since remained in hiatus, but on October 24 the supreme court ordered MPs to resume work and choose a new speaker.

The constitution stipulates that a speaker, president and prime minister must be elected in that order.

The Iraqiya bloc narrowly won the election with 91 seats, closely followed by Maliki's State of Law Alliance with 89.

Neither was able to muster the 163-seat parliamentary majority required, despite intense back-door negotiations with various Shiite, Sunni and Kurdish blocs which also won seats.

Barzani's Kurdistan Democratic Party and Talabani's PUK, which together won 43 seats, had entered into an alliance with Goran and two Kurdish Islamic parties that won six places.

Their bloc gave the alliance the muscle to decide who would form the next government, but Goran's exit has since weakened their position.

Goran, with eight seats, pulled out of the alliance last month after its proposed reforms for greater democracy in the autonomous Kurdistan region were ignored.

After allying with other Shiite groups Maliki still needed around 20 more seats to form a majority. The agreement with the Kurdish coalition grants him more than twice that number.

earlier related report
Turkey urges Iraq roundtable meet to form govt
Arbil, Iraq (AFP) Nov 7, 2010 - Turkey's foreign minister called Sunday for a meeting of all Iraqi political groups on forming a government, as he visited the Kurdish north exactly eight months since Iraq's inconclusive election.

"We hope to soon see all Iraqi ethnic and political groups gathered around a table to pave the way for the formation of a government in this country," Ahmet Davutoglu said in Arbil, the capital of Iraq's Kurdistan.

Turkey was "very interested in the initiative" by Iraqi Kurdistan's regional president, Massud Barzani, Davutoglu said ahead of meetings with Barzani and the autonomous region's prime minister Barham Saleh.

Barzani has invited all political blocs to meet in Arbil, the Iraqi Kurdish capital, on Monday in a bid to resolve the crisis that has left the country without a new government since its March 7 legislative election.

MPs are due to meet in Baghdad next Thursday to elect a speaker, the first step before the appointment of a president and premier, although parliamentary groups would need to agree in advance on the allocation of portfolios.

"I'm in Arbil to discuss and possibly give advice to Baghdad and Arbil on the issue of forming a government, which we hope will happen soon," said Davutoglu.

Iraq's second general election since the 2003 US-led invasion ended in deadlock after none of the main parties won enough of the 325 seats in parliament to form a majority government.

Parliament has since March remained in hiatus, except for a 20-minute oath-taking ceremony and another brief meeting at which acting speaker Fuad Massum declared an indefinite "open" session.

earlier related report
Bomb kills two anti-Qaeda militiamen in north Iraq: police
Baghdad (AFP) Nov 7, 2010 - A roadside bomb killed two Sunni anti-Qaeda militiamen and two Iraqi soldiers died in separate attacks on checkpoints north of the capital on Sunday, police said.

Police had also found a car-bomb workshop.

The bomb that killed the anti-Qaeda fighters went off near a checkpoint at Qadissiyah, close to Samarra, 110 kilometres (70 miles) from Baghdad, a police officer said, adding that three other militiamen were wounded.

Separately, gunmen equipped with silencers killed two soldiers in an attack on a military checkpoint in an eastern district of Mosul, police in northern Iraq's main city said.

In Baiji, also north of Baghdad, police said they discovered a workshop for manufacturing car bombs before arresting 11 suspects, including two women, and seizing a large amount of explosives.

The find comes after Al-Qaeda claimed responsibility for a dozen booby-trapped vehicles that exploded simultaneously Tuesday in Shiite districts of Baghdad, killing 64 people, according to interior ministry figures.

US Brigadier General Jeffrey Buchanan said on Saturday that the anti-Shiite explosions in war-battered Iraq demonstrated that Al-Qaeda remained "determined and dangerous."

Violence has plunged since its peak in 2006 and 2007, but kidnappings and casualties from insurgent attacks remain a constant threat.



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US commander says Qaeda still a threat in Iraq
Baghdad (AFP) Nov 6, 2010
A senior US commander said on Saturday that Al-Qaeda's ability to infiltrate foreign fighters into Iraq had been severely restricted, but that it was still a threat and would remain so. Brigadier General Jeffrey Buchanan said that a deadly attack in Baghdad targeting Christians and explosions in Shiite neighbourhoods across the capital over the past week demonstrated that Al-Qaeda remained d ... read more







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