Israel on Tuesday launched a missile over the Mediterranean in a joint exercise with the United States that came as Washington mulls punitive air strikes on Syria.

Speculation mounted after the missile firing at 0615 GMT, with Russia's defence ministry saying its early-warning system had detected two ballistic missile launches from the central Mediterranean sea fired towards the eastern coastline, where Syria is located.

But the Pentagon said the exercise had no connection to possible attacks against the Syrian regime, and that it was a standard drill designed to assess Israel's missile defences.

"This test had nothing to do with United States consideration of military action to respond to Syria's chemical weapons attack," Pentagon spokesman George Little said.

US President Barack Obama said earlier he was confident of winning congressional approval for military action against Syria that would involve cruise missile strikes launched from US warships in the Mediterranean.

Only after the Russian reports did Israel's defence ministry announce it had carried out the missile test.

"The Israeli defence ministry and the American MDA (Missile Defence Agency) Tuesday morning at 9:15 (0615 GMT) successfully launched an Ankor-type radar missile," it said in a statement.

"The test was launched from the Mediterranean and directed from an army base in the centre of Israel," it said.

The defence ministry statement mentioned only one missile.

The test involved a new version of the Ankor (Sparrow) missile "and was concluded at... a test range over the Mediterranean Sea," a separate Israeli defence ministry statement said.

The missile was to test missile tracking capabilities, local media reported.

Defence Minister Moshe Yaalon downplayed the significance of the test's timing, saying on a visit to a military base that the "exercise was planned a long time ago."

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu lauded Israel's missile defence capabilities.

"Our security depends on Iron Dome (the country's vaunted missile defence system), and our will of iron, which are the things that will give us the power to defend ourselves," he said at the opening of a technology park in central Israel.

"Those thinking of attacking us must know that it's not in their interest."

Russian news agencies said Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu had reported to President Vladimir Putin about the event, which comes amid growing expectations of Western military action in Syria.

Putin, a vocal critic of the West's policies on Syria, has expressed strong doubt that Syrian President Bashar al-Assad was behind an alleged chemical attack on August 21 that has prompted calls for military action.

Obama's decision on Saturday to ask Congress to authorise military action against Syria lifted the threat last week of immediate strikes against Assad's government.

Netanyahu said on Sunday Israel was prepared for "every possible scenario" in Syria, as Israelis rushed to collect gas masks, fearing possible reprisals against the Jewish state for US-led military action against a hostile neighbour.

But President Shimon Peres ruled out Israeli involvement in any intervention.

"It is not for Israel to decide on Syria, we are in a unique position, for varying reasons there is consensus against Israeli involvement. We did not create the Syrian situation," he said.

Missile test in Mediterranean not linked to Syria: US
Washington, District Of Columbia (AFP) Sept 03, 2013 - A missile test in the Mediterranean carried out by Israel and the United States on Tuesday had no connection to possible US military action against Syria, the Pentagon said.

The joint military exercise, which came as Washington weighed punitive strikes against the Syrian regime, had been previously scheduled and was designed to assess Israel's missile defenses, Pentagon spokesman George Little said in a statement.

"This test had nothing to do with United States consideration of military action to respond to Syria's chemical weapons attack," Little said.

"The test was long planned to help evaluate the Arrow Ballistic Missile Defense system's ability to detect, track, and communicate information about a simulated threat to Israel."

He added that the United States and Israel cooperate on various ballistic missile defense development programs "to address common challenges in the region."

Israel earlier had said the test involved launching an Ankor-type radar missile at 0615 GMT in the Mediterranean.

Russian news agencies quoted Moscow's defense ministry saying an early warning system had detected the launch of two ballistic missiles fired towards the Mediterranean Sea's eastern coastline.

On Saturday, President Barack Obama put off an expected strike on Syria over its alleged use of chemical weapons, asking the US Congress to first approve the intervention.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said Sunday his country was prepared for "every possible scenario" in neighboring Syria, while President Shimon Peres ruled out Israeli involvement in any intervention.

Five US destroyers, equipped with Tomahawk cruise missiles and anti-missile interceptors, have deployed to the Mediterranean in case Obama orders strikes on Syria.