Iran launched its second direct attack on Israel in history on Tuesday, firing what it said were 200 missiles including hypersonic weapons, sending Israeli civilians into shelters and prompting several countries in the region to shut their airspace.
Israel, which put the number of missiles fired at its territory at 180, bombarded Lebanese strongholds of Iran ally Hezbollah, with heavy strikes early Wednesday on south Beirut.
Israel shifted its focus last month from its war in Gaza, which was sparked by Iran-backed Hamas's October 7 attacks, to securing its northern border with Lebanon, where it is fighting Hezbollah.
After issuing numerous threats against Israel, Iran launched its second attack since April, sparking panic in Israel and around the region.
Israel intercepted most of the missiles, while Israeli medics reported two people injured by shrapnel.
In the occupied West Bank, a Palestinian was killed in Jericho "when pieces of a rocket fell from the sky and hit him", the city's governor Hussein Hamayel told AFP.
"Iran made a big mistake tonight and will pay for it," Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said.
"Whoever attacks us, we attack them."
Defence Minister Yoav Gallant, who was at the command and control centre monitoring the interception of Iranian missiles, also vowed vengeance.
"Iran has not learned a simple lesson -- those who attack the state of Israel, pay a heavy price," he said in a statement.
- 'Severe consequences' -
Iran's Revolutionary Guards said the attack was in response to Israel's killing last week of Hezbollah chief Hassan Nasrallah, as well as the death of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh in a Tehran bombing in July widely blamed on Israel.
The attack also sought to avenge Israel's killing with Nasrallah of General Abbas Nilforoushan, a top commander of the Quds Force, the Revolutionary Guards' foreign operations arm.
Israel said this week it began ground operations in Lebanon, while Hezbollah on Wednesday said it clashed with Israeli troops who tried to infiltrate into Lebanon.
The spike in violence in Lebanon since mid-September has killed more than 1,000 people and forced hundreds of thousands more to flee their homes.
President Joe Biden, who has called for a halt in the violence in Lebanon, said the United States was "fully supportive" of Israel after the missile attack.
Asked by reporters what the response towards Iran would be, Biden replied: "That's in active discussion right now."
US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin slammed an "outrageous act of aggression" by Iran, while Biden's National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan told reporters there would be "severe consequences".
Iranian state media reported 200 missiles had been fired at Israel including hypersonic weapons for the first time, which the Revolutionary Guards said had targeted "three military bases" around Tel Aviv and others elsewhere.
Iran's Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi posted on social media platform X that Tehran's "action is concluded unless the Israeli regime decides to invite further retaliation".
Iran also threatened to fire "with bigger intensity" if Israel makes good on its pledge to retaliate, with Major General Mohammad Bagheri warning Tehran would target "all infrastructure" in Israel.
Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian said his country had exercised its "legitimate rights" and dealt "a decisive response... to the Zionist regime's aggression".
- South Beirut strikes -
Early Wednesday, the Israeli military announced it was bombarding Hezbollah targets in Beirut, with a Lebanese security source telling AFP that Israel had hit the city's southern suburbs repeatedly overnight.
AFP correspondents heard around 20 explosions coming from southern Beirut, and smoke billowed over the area.
In central Beirut, Youssef Amir, displaced from southern Lebanon, said: "I have lost my home and relatives in this war, but all of that is a sacrifice for Lebanon, for Hezbollah".
Beirut resident Elie Jabour, 27, told AFP that despite opposing Hezbollah "politically... I support them defending the border".
- 'Need a ceasefire' -
The Iran strikes prompted widespread condemnation as well as renewed calls for the escalation in violence to stop.
EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell on Tuesday called for an "immediate ceasefire" in the Middle East, while condemning Iran's attack "in the strongest terms".
UN chief Antonio Guterres called to stem the "broadening conflict in the Middle East", saying in a statement: "This must stop. We absolutely need a ceasefire."
Iraq and Jordan -- which lie between Iran and Israel -- closed their airspace, as did Lebanon before reopening.
The attack came after the Israeli military troops had started "targeted ground raids" in south Lebanon, across Israel's northern border.
UN peacekeepers in Lebanon said Tuesday the Israeli offensive did not amount to a "ground incursion" and Hezbollah denied that any troops had crossed the border.
On Wednesday, Hezbollah said its fighters clashed with Israeli troops who tried to infiltrate into Lebanon and that it had forced them to withdraw.
Lebanon's health ministry said Israeli strikes on Tuesday killed 55 people, with the disaster management agency saying 1,873 people have been killed since Israel and Hezbollah began trading cross-border fire after the Hamas attacks on Israel on October 7, 2023.
- Deadly strikes on Gaza -
Hezbollah began low-intensity strikes on Israeli troops a day after its Palestinian ally Hamas staged its attack, which triggered Israel's devastating assault on Gaza.
Hamas's October 7 attack resulted in the deaths of 1,205 people in Israel, mostly civilians, according to an AFP tally based on Israeli official figures that include hostages killed in captivity.
Israel's retaliatory military offensive has killed at least 41,638 people in Gaza, the majority of them civilians, according to figures provided by the Hamas-run territory's health ministry. The UN has described the figures as reliable.
In Gaza, the civil defence agency said Israeli bombings killed 19 people on Tuesday.
The Israeli military said troops opened fire Tuesday on "dozens" of Palestinians in central Gaza they saw as an "immediate threat". At least some were hit, it added.
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