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Libyan troops target rebels after air force 'destroyed'

Libya airstrikes remind Serbians of NATO bombings
Belgrade (AFP) March 24, 2011 - The airstrikes on Libya brought back bitter memories for many Serbs on Thursday, 12 years after the start of a NATO bombing campaign aimed at ending a Serbian crackdown on Kosovo. "I am trying not to watch television reports from Libya because its a painful reminder" of a spring spent hiding in shelters, software engineer Petar Marjanovic said. "Even if I try to rationalise the bombing to convince myself that they were not aimed at us civilians but the military, I will never forget these days of fear and anxiety," Marjanovic said. NATO launched the strikes -- without UN Security Council backing unlike the intervention in Libya -- after late president Slobodan Milosevic spurned a peace deal to end his forces' crackdown on the independence-seeking ethnic Albanians in Kosovo.

In one of the bloodiest incidents, more than a dozen people were killed on May 7, 1999, when NATO planes dropped cluster bombs on a crowded outdoor market in the southern town of Nis. It was later described as a "blunder". "Shrapnel was flying all around and many people were paralysed with shock," said Vukasin Dakovic, who was at the market. "Blood mixed with ripe tomatoes ... after the initial shock, people were trying to hide under the stalls but for some it was too late," said Dakovic, who escaped unhurt. The bombing campaign against Serbia lasted 78 days and remains etched in public memory.

Its traces can still be seen throughout Serbia. In the capital, the Milosevic-era defence and interior ministry buildings still stand in ruins in one of the main avenues. "I still remember, and I always will, when the first air raid was announced with those shrieking, wailing sirens," 42-year-old Ana Dimitrijevic said. As she was rushing home from work, the mother of two found herself in a bus on the strategic main bridge linking the centre to New Belgrade when on March 24, 1999, NATO launched the air campaign on Serbia. "Everyone on the bus started shouting at the driver to speed up, we were all afraid the bridge would be bombed and we would drown" in the Sava river, she recalled.

Human Rights Watch put the civilian death toll of the NATO bombing at around 500. Official Serbian figures say some 2,500 civilians were killed and 12,500 injured during 11 weeks of bombing. In Kosovo, which has since proclaimed independence from Serbia, the air raids on Libya however met with wide support. "I am sure those who decided to bomb Kadhafi had Kosovo in mind. Sometimes, you can not convince dictators by appealing to them, but only by dropping bombs," 37-year-old Pristina shopkeeper Afrim Rushiti told AFP. "Maybe bombs are not the perfect solution, but they have brought us in Kosovo freedom after so many years," Vlora Rahmani, a 29-year old human rights activist, said. "Hopefully, this will happen also in Libya."
by Staff Writers
Near Ajdabiya, Libya (AFP) March 24, 2011
Libyan forces pounded rebel cities on Wednesday with tank fire forcing civilians to flee as a top British officer said Moamer Kadhafi's air force had been almost obliterated.

As an armada of NATO warships patrolled Libya's coast to enforce an arms embargo against Kadhafi, fresh efforts to hand the alliance command of the military operations collapsed after days of sometimes acrimonious debate.

A NATO diplomat said the 28-nation alliance would try again on Thursday to reach a decision on whether NATO should take charge of the operation launched on Saturday by Britain, France and the United States.

But nations were already hailing the success of the air strikes, with British Air Vice Marshal Greg Bagwell saying Libya's air force has been almost totally obliterated and "no longer exists as a fighting force."

US officials are also openly speculating whether the continued pressure will force Kadhafi out of power after four decades in control.

At the end of a day of bitter fighting in key rebel strongholds, pro-Kadhafi forces pounded a hospital in the western city of Misrata, a rebel spokesman said.

Witnesses also reported a huge blast at a military base in the Tajura residential neighbourhood some 32 kilometres (20 miles) east of the capital, while anti-aircraft fire was heard as warplanes thundered over Tripoli.

The official JANA news agency said coalition raids on Tajura killed "a large number" of civilians.

Tajura was struck three times, the agency said, adding the third raid "targeted rescuers who were trying to remove the dead and wounded from the rubble and the destruction caused by the first two raids."

A huge blast was also heard late Wednesday at a military base in the Tajura region, witnesses told AFP, adding flames were seen shooting from the base.

Tajura is home to the most important Libyan military bases and was struck by allied forces on the first day of operations on Saturday, launched against Libya to impose a UN no-fly zone on the country.

Although the endgame in Libya remains unclear, US Defence Secretary Robert Gates said during a visit to Egypt that mounting pressure on Kadhafi's regime could encourage his associates or even members of his family to turn on him.

"I think there are any number of possible outcomes here and no one is in a position to predict them, whether there are further major defections within his own ruling circle, whether there are divisions within his family," he said.

US President Barack Obama has insisted Kadhafi must step down, and US officials hinted that members of Kadhafi's inner circle were reaching out to find a way out of the crisis.

The US military also said Kadhafi's ground troops threatening rebel-held cities were now being targeted by coalition air strikes.

"We are putting pressure on Kadhafi's ground forces that are threatening cities," said Rear Admiral Gerard Hueber, US chief of staff for the Libya mission.

French Defence Minister Gerard Longuet said "the air exclusion zone has become a reality."

"The French side has taken out a dozen armoured vehicles in three days," he told Le Figaro newspaper in an interview to be published on Thursday. "This is decisive as we have practically not seen any tank concentrations since the strikes."

Canadian warplanes bombed their first target in Libya overnight, destroying a munitions depot in the rebel-held city of Misrata, Libya's third city 214 kilometres (132 miles) east of Tripoli, military officials said.

White House spokesman Ben Rhodes confirmed that after forcing Kadhafi's forces to pull back from eastern Benghazi "we're similarly focused on trying to protect the people of Misrata as well."

Late on Wednesday, Kadhafi forces using tanks pounded the only hospital in Misrata, which has been besieged by regime loyalists for weeks, a witness and a rebel spokesman said.

"The situation here is very bad and very serious. The tanks are shelling the hospital and houses," said the spokesman. On Tuesday 17 people were killed by snipers and shelling in Misrata, a doctor said.

Residents fleeing Ajdabiya, a strategic eastern town south of rebel capital Benghazi, described shelling, gunfire and burning houses, while an AFP reporter said a pall of smoke hung over the town and intermittent explosions were heard.

A man driving a car with his panicked family on the coast road north of the city told AFP they were too scared to stay. "We left because of the fighting. We were very scared; we cannot stay."

Hamed al-Qabaili, also fleeing Ajdabiya, said Kadhafi forces "are firing Grad missiles at the houses," while fellow passenger Muftah al-Sheikh said "very few people" stayed behind. "There is no electricity and no gas."

UN chief Ban Ki-moon again urged all sides in Libya to cease fire as the Security Council prepared to meet on Thursday, a week after clearing the way for action against Kadhafi.

"All those who violate international humanitarian and human rights law will be held fully accountable," Ban's spokesman Martin Nesirky said, mentioning attacks on Misrata and Zintan, also in the west.

Coalition forces are acting under UN Security Council Resolution 1973 authorising "all necessary means" to protect civilians fighting to topple Kadhafi, including enforcing a no-fly zone.

In Berlin, coalition spokeswoman Beverly Mock reported 97 sorties across Libya in the 24 hours ending at 1200 GMT on Wednesday, with air strikes targeting tanks, anti-aircraft batteries and "command centres."

Since the start of the operation on Saturday, the US and British navies had fired 162 Tomahawk cruise missiles -- 112 on Saturday alone.

In Paris, an envoy from the rebels' transitional council said their objective was a "democratic and secular" regime.

Mansour Saif al-Nasr also predicted that Kadhafi would fall quickly, paving the way for society to be rebuilt. "The Libyan people are a moderate people, and the state will not be led by clerics."

The interim council has 31 members, but the identities of only eight have been revealed since most still live in zones held by Kadhafi loyalists.

Six nations agreed to contribute up to 16 vessels to prevent Kadhafi from bringing in weapons via the Mediterranean, with Turkey offering five warships and a submarine despite its reservations about the military action.

But the Western alliance is still bickering over who should take overall command.

France has insisted on a committee of coalition countries so as not to alienate Arab states, while Italy has demanded a single command under NATO.

Meanwhile, US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said Washington expects "more announcements" of Arab participation in the campaign in the coming days.

Qatar has deployed Mirage fighters, the only Arab state so far to commit military assets to the coalition. British Prime Minister David Cameron said Kuwait and Jordan would provide a logistical contribution.

Oil prices rose for the third straight day on Wednesday amid more signs of rising demand and continued turmoil in crude exporter Libya.

Meanwhile Agence France-Presse employees Dave Clark and Roberto Schmidt who had been held by Kadhafi's forces along with Getty photographer Joe Raedle since Saturday were released in Tripoli early Wednesday.

burs/hkb-jkb/ao



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NATO patrols Libya coast, still divided over command
Brussels (AFP) March 23, 2011
NATO warships began patrolling Libya's coast on Wednesday to enforce an arms embargo against Moamer Kadhafi, but fresh efforts to give the alliance command of military operations collapsed. After days of sometimes acrimonious debate, ambassadors of the 28-nation alliance failed again to agree on whether NATO should take charge of an operation that has been run by a US-led coalition, a NATO d ... read more







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