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Russia wants 'equal rights' in Iran nuclear deal
by AFP Staff Writers
Tehran (AFP) March 7, 2022

Blinken says new Russia demands on Iran nuclear deal 'irrelevant'
Washington (AFP) March 6, 2022 - US Secretary of State Antony Blinken on Sunday dismissed as "irrelevant" Russian demands for guarantees that new sanctions linked to Ukraine will not affect Moscow's rights under a reworked Iran nuclear deal.

With the parties to the Iran agreement, which the US abandoned in 2018, now seemingly close to a new accord, Blinken rejected fresh demands voiced Saturday by Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov.

The sanctions on Russia over its invasion of Ukraine "have nothing to do with the Iran nuclear deal," Blinken said on CBS talk show "Face the Nation."

They "just are not in any way linked together, so I think that's irrelevant," he said, speaking from Moldova, a small country on Ukraine's southwest border.

Blinken added it was not only in America's interest but Russia's as well that Iran not be able "to have a nuclear weapon or the capacity to produce a weapon on very, very short order."

- 'Pragmatic approach' -

The latest Russian reservations, coming amid the intense crisis over Ukraine, threaten hopes that an Iran agreement could be wrapped up quickly.

Iran and the United Nations nuclear watchdog had announced tentative agreement early Saturday on an approach for resolving issues crucial to reviving the country's 2015 nuclear accord with world powers.

Rafael Grossi, chief of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), said in Vienna that while the UN agency and Iran had yet to settle "a number of important matters," they had now "decided to try a practical, pragmatic approach" to overcome them.

However, Grossi said there was "no artificial deadline."

Both US and British officials said late in the week that negotiators in the Vienna talks were close to a possible deal, while cautioning that some issues remained to be settled.

But Lavrov said Saturday that Moscow, itself slapped with severe sanctions over its invasion of Ukraine, needed guarantees from Washington before backing the nuclear deal.

He said Russia wanted written guarantees that Ukraine-related sanctions "will not in any way harm our rights to free, fully fledged trade and economic and investment cooperation, military-technical cooperation with Iran."

Russia is party to the Vienna talks along with Britain, China, France and Germany. The United States is participating indirectly.

Moscow is expected to play a role in implementing any fresh deal with Iran, for example by receiving shipments of enriched uranium from Iran.

The 2015 nuclear deal has been hanging by a thread since then US president Donald Trump pulled out in 2018 and reimposed sweeping sanctions, including on Iranian petroleum exports.

- 'Very damaging' -

The landmark accord was aimed at guaranteeing Tehran could not develop a nuclear weapon -- something it has always denied wanting to do.

Iran said this week that it was ready to quickly raise its crude exports to pre-sanctions levels once a deal is signed.

Iranian international relations analyst Fayaz Zahed said the government needed to be very careful about Moscow's possibly shifting interests.

"Now that Russia is under sanctions, it is perhaps no longer interested in resolving the Iran nuclear issue, a position that could be very damaging," he said.

The coming days are seen as pivotal because of the rate at which Iran is making nuclear advances.

Its stockpile of enriched uranium has now reached more than 15 times the limit set out in the 2015 accord, the IAEA said this week.

A revived Iranian nuclear deal must secure "equal rights" for all world powers involved, Russia said Monday, after Iran asked for details of Moscow's demands for US guarantees on restoring the accord.

Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said Saturday that, before backing the Iran nuclear deal, Moscow wants written assurances from Washington that Western sanctions imposed on it over the Ukraine war will not affect its economic and military cooperation with Tehran.

The following day, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken said such demands were "irrelevant". Sanctions on Russia over its invasion of Ukraine "have nothing to do with the Iran nuclear deal", he stressed.

The Russian demands have cast doubts on whether negotiations in Vienna which have reached critical stages, could be concluded swiftly.

Moscow is a direct party -- along with Britain, China, France and Germany -- to the ongoing talks aimed at reviving the 2015 nuclear deal. Washington is participating indirectly.

Iran made clear Monday it was seeking clarifications from Moscow, with foreign ministry spokesman Saeed Khatibzadeh saying "details" were needed.

"Iran's peaceful nuclear cooperation should not be affected or restricted by any sanctions, including Iran's peaceful nuclear cooperation with Russia" and other countries, he said.

Hours later Russia's embassy in Tehran tweeted that Lavrov and Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian spoke by phone.

During the call, "it was emphasised that the resuscitation of the JCPOA should ensure that all its participants have equal rights regarding the unhindered development of cooperation in all areas", the embassy said using the acronym of the 2015 nuclear deal.

Amir-Abdollahian said for his part that Iran's cooperation with any country "including Russia, should not be affected by the atmosphere of sanctions", the Iranian foreign ministry said.

Iran's chief negotiator Ali Bagheri was returning home "briefly" Monday evening for consultations, state news agency IRNA reported.

- Outstanding issues -

The 2015 deal formally known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action gave Iran sanctions relief in exchange for curbs on its atomic programme to guarantee that Tehran could not develop a nuclear weapon -- something it has staunchly denied.

But the US unilateral withdrawal from the accord in 2018 under then-president Donald Trump and the reimposition of biting economic sanctions prompted Iran to begin rolling back on its own commitments.

The United States and other Western nations have imposed unprecedented sanctions on Russia following its invasion of Ukraine.

Parties to negotiations to revive the 2015 deal have signalled progress in the talks during the past several weeks.

Tehran has said that most of the draft agreement was approved, but outstanding issues depend on the West's decisions.

"The remaining differences are less than the number of fingers on one hand if no one adds a new issue," Khatibzadeh said on Monday.

"All of those (differences) await the response of the United States," he added.

- 'Unclear' prospect -

Iran's top security official Ali Shamkhani on Monday also blamed the US for the lack of an agreement so far.

The "prospect of a deal in Vienna talks remains unclear due to Washington's delay in making political decisions", Shamkhani tweeted.

Tehran has been seeking a lifting of sanctions as well as guarantees that Washington would not again withdraw from the agreement.

As with the original agreement, Moscow is expected to play a key role in the implementation of any fresh deal with Tehran, for example by receiving shipments of enriched uranium from Iran.

"Russia's approach so far has been a constructive one in order to reach a collective agreement in Vienna," Khatibzadeh stressed.

The Vienna talks, which started 11 months ago, aim to return the US to the nuclear agreement, including through the lifting of sanctions on Iran, and to ensure Tehran's full compliance with its commitments.

With the nuclear talks continuing in Vienna, Iranian and American officials have signalled that the two sides are indirectly discussing a possible exchange of prisoners.

Those negotiations have made "some progress", Khatibzadeh said Monday.

"If this time, the US side honours its commitments and doesn't retreat on the night of the implementation, I think we can close one of the important files in the humanitarian field."

The US envoy for Iran, Robert Malley, had said it is unlikely that Washington would strike an agreement unless Tehran releases four US citizens.

The two sides have made prisoner swaps in the past and are currently known to hold four nationals of each other.

France says 'worried' about 'delays' to Iran nuclear deal
Paris (AFP) March 9, 2022 - France warned Tuesday that further delays could stymie a revived nuclear agreement between world powers and Iran, with the West at loggerheads with Russia over its invasion of Ukraine, while Washington said it would cede nothing to Moscow.

Moscow is a direct party -- along with Britain, China, France and Germany -- to the ongoing talks in Vienna aimed at reviving the 2015 nuclear deal to limit Iran's nuclear programme in exchange for sanctions relief.

Washington is participating indirectly, as former president Donald Trump withdrew from the agreement in 2018.

"We are very close to a deal," but Paris is "very worried about risks that further delays could weigh on the chances," a foreign ministry spokeswoman told reporters in an apparent reference to Russia's demands for extra guarantees.

Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov has demanded written assurances from Washington that massive Western sanctions imposed on Moscow over its invasion of Ukraine will not affect its economic and military cooperation with Tehran.

US Secretary of State Antony Blinken has said such demands are "irrelevant".

Russia said Monday that all world powers must have "equal rights" if the nuclear deal, formally known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), is revived.

Sanctions on Russia over its invasion of Ukraine "have nothing to do with the Iran nuclear deal", Blinken said Sunday.

France "calls on all other parties to adopt a responsible approach," the foreign ministry spokeswoman said Tuesday.

At a hearing on Capitol Hill later Tuesday, when asked if Washington had provided Moscow with the written guarantees requested, US Undersecretary of State for Political Affairs Victoria Nuland was clear: "No."

"We're not negotiating with Russia vis-a-vis Iran," Nuland said. "Russia is trying to up the ante and broaden its demands with regard to the JCPOA and we are not playing 'Let's Make A Deal'."

"There may be some in Russia seeking to get extra benefits for their cooperation and participation in seeking to get Iran back into the JCPOA, but they are not going to be successful," she added.

Nuland told lawmakers that Russia has "relatively small trade relations" with Iran, and that its participation was more based on its own national security interests.

She said negotiators in Vienna had "nearly completed" a deal and rejected calls by some to halt talks because of the war in Ukraine.

"The last thing we need on top of Putin's bloody war is a nuclear-armed Iran," she said.

Iran's official IRNA news agency meanwhile said that Tehran's top negotiator Ali Bagheri would travel to Vienna early Wednesday "to continue the talks".


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IAEA chief in Iran for talks seen as key to nuclear deal
Tehran (AFP) March 5, 2022
The UN nuclear watchdog's chief held high-level talks in Tehran on Saturday that are seen as crucial in efforts to revive the 2015 nuclear deal between Iran and world powers. The visit by International Atomic Energy Agency head Rafael Grossi comes after Britain, one of the parties to parallel talks on the deal in Vienna, indicated that an agreement was close. The accord has been hanging by a thread since the United States' unilateral withdrawal in 2018 under then president Donald Trump. "Thi ... read more

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