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Study transmits radio signals in tunnels
Gaihersburg, Md. (UPI) May 20, 2008 The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology says it's identified "sweet spot" frequencies capable of transmitting radio signals in tunnels. The NIST scientists, as part of a project to improve emergency wireless communications, confirmed underground tunnels can have a frequency "sweet spot" at which signals can travel several times farther than at other frequencies. The scientists said their finding might lead to strategies for enhancing rescue communications in subways and mines. The optimal frequency depends on the dimensions of the tunnel. For a typical subway-sized tunnel, the sweet spot is found in the frequency range 400 megahertz to 1 gigahertz, the study found. Up to now, companies have designed radios based on proprietary tests. The new data will support development of open standards for design of optimal systems, especially for emergency responders, NIST said. Another new NIST report describes mapping radio signals in 12 large building structures including an apartment complex, a hotel, office buildings, a sports stadium and a shopping mall. The reports -- "Measurements to Support Modulated-Signal Radio Transmissions for the Public-Safety Sector" and "Attenuation of Radio Wave Signals Into Twelve Large Building Structures" are available at http://www.boulder.nist.gov/div818/81802/MetrologyForWirelessSys/. Community Email This Article Comment On This Article Share This Article With Planet Earth
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Thompson Files: Defense consensus
Arlington, Va. (UPI) May 20, 2008 The conventional wisdom about American politics is that the nation has become deeply polarized since the Vietnam War, with voters increasingly crowding to opposite extremes of the political spectrum. For example, the May 11 New York Times contained an essay by William A. Galston and Pietro S. Nivola of the Brookings Institution that stated in its opening paragraph, "Our research concludes not only that the ideological differences between the political parties are growing but also that they have become embedded in American society." |
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